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Verbs · A1–B2

German verb conjugator

Find German verb forms across six indicative tenses and Konjunktiv II. Explore irregular and separable verbs, examples and written practice.

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German verbsein + gewesen

sein

be

Ich bin zu Hause.

I am at home.

The everyday starting set: present, conversational past and narrative past. Choose All tenses to go further.

Indicative

Präsens

sein: Präsens
ichbin
dubist
er / sie / esist
wirsind
ihrseid
sie / Siesind
When to use it

Present: facts, habits, current actions and future events with a time expression.

Indicative

Perfekt

sein: Perfekt
ichbin gewesen
dubist gewesen
er / sie / esist gewesen
wirsind gewesen
ihrseid gewesen
sie / Siesind gewesen
When to use it

Conversational past: present haben or sein plus the past participle.

Indicative

Präteritum

sein: Präteritum
ichwar
duwarst
er / sie / eswar
wirwaren
ihrwart
sie / Siewaren
When to use it

Simple past: common in narration, and frequent in speech with sein, haben and modal verbs.

Participle, auxiliary & imperative Useful building blocks
Past participle
gewesen
Perfect auxiliary
sein

du: sei! · ihr: seid! · Sie: seien Sie!

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Meet sein in a story.

See how the meaning and the form work together in context.

Explore story examples

Tables show active forms and selected standard variants. Konjunktiv I, passive voice and reflexive constructions are outside this collection. Formal Sie uses the plural verb form.

A little understanding goes a long way

Make sense of what you’re practicing

01

Which German tenses should I learn first?

Start with Präsens, then Perfekt for everyday past events. Learn Präteritum forms of sein, haben and modal verbs early: war, hatte and konnte occur frequently in conversation. Narratives use more Präteritum. Plusquamperfekt places an event before another past event; Futur I and Futur II add future or probability meanings.

02

Haben or sein in the perfect tense?

Most verbs form the perfect with haben. Many intransitive verbs of movement or change of state use sein, as do sein and bleiben. Compare ich habe gelesen with ich bin gegangen. The meaning and construction matter: intransitive travel is ich bin gefahren, while driving a vehicle as a direct object can use haben.

03

How separable verbs work

A main clause splits a separable verb: Ich stehe um sieben Uhr auf. The participle reunites the prefix and verb: Ich bin aufgestanden. An infinitive after a modal stays together: Ich muss aufstehen. A subordinate clause also keeps the prefix attached: weil ich früh aufstehe.

04

Modal verbs and the replacement infinitive

When a modal verb governs another infinitive in the perfect, German usually uses two infinitives: Ich habe arbeiten müssen. Standalone uses can take the participle. The tables identify this distinction so a standalone form is not mistaken for a complete modal construction.

05

Konjunktiv II and polite requests

Forms such as wäre, hätte and könnte express imagined situations or politeness. Würde plus infinitive is a common alternative, particularly when the simple subjunctive resembles the past indicative. For an unreal past, use hätte or wäre with a participle: Ich wäre gekommen.