surgir Present Conjugation
surgir — to arise
The present of surgir undergoes a spelling change in the 'yo' form (surjo) to keep the 'h' sound.
surgir Present Forms
When to Use the Present
Use this tense to talk about issues, ideas, or questions that are popping up right now or happen habitually in your daily life.
Notes on surgir in the Present
This is a 'g' to 'j' spelling change verb. Before an 'o', the 'g' becomes 'j' (surjo) so it doesn't sound like the 'g' in 'go'. All other forms are regular.
Example Sentences
Siempre surjo con una solución en el último momento.
I always come up with a solution at the last moment.
yo
A veces surge un problema inesperado.
Sometimes an unexpected problem arises.
él/ella/usted
Nuevas dudas surgen durante la clase.
New doubts arise during the class.
ellos/ellas/ustedes
Common Mistakes
Mistake: surgo
Correct: surjo
Why: In Spanish, 'go' has a hard sound (like 'gold'). To keep the soft 'h' sound of surgir, you must change 'g' to 'j' before 'o'.
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Related Tenses
Preterite
yo: surgí
The preterite of surgir is regular: surgí, surgiste, surgió, surgimos, surgisteis, surgieron.
Imperfect
yo: surgía
The imperfect of surgir is regular: surgía, surgías, surgía, surgíamos, surgíais, surgían.
Future
yo: surgiré
The future of surgir is regular: surgiré, surgirás, surgirá, surgiremos, surgiréis, surgirán.
Conditional
yo: surgiría
The conditional of surgir is regular: surgiría, surgirías, surgiría, surgiríamos, surgiríais, surgirían.
Present Subjunctive
yo: surja
The present subjunctive of surgir uses the 'j' spelling in all forms: surja, surjas, surja, surjamos, surjáis, surjan.
Imperfect Subjunctive
yo: surgiera
The imperfect subjunctive of surgir is regular, based on the 'surgieron' stem: surgiera, surgieras, surgiera...
Affirmative Imperative
yo: surge
The imperative of surgir is rarely used for people, but commonly used for ideas or things: surge, surja, surjamos.
Negative Imperative
yo: no surjas
The negative imperative of surgir always uses the 'j' spelling: no surjas, no surja, no surjan.