confundido
con-foon-DEE-doh
📝 In Action
Estaba tan confundido que no sabía qué responder.
A2I was so confused that I didn't know what to answer.
Ella cree que la fecha está confundida con la de la semana pasada.
B1She thinks the date is mixed up with last week's date.
Si ves a alguien confundido, ayúdale.
A2If you see someone bewildered, help them.
💡 Grammar Points
Adjective Agreement
Like all Spanish adjectives, 'confundido' must change its ending to match the person or thing it describes: confundida (f), confundidos (m. pl.), confundidas (f. pl.).
State vs. Quality (Estar vs. Ser)
Since confusion is usually a temporary state or emotion, you almost always use the verb estar with 'confundido'. Using ser (e.g., Soy confundido) is grammatically incorrect for this meaning.
❌ Common Pitfalls
Using Ser instead of Estar
Mistake: "La profesora es confundida."
Correction: La profesora está confundida. (Use *estar* because confusion is a temporary state.)
⭐ Usage Tips
Origin as a Past Participle
'Confundido' comes from the verb confundir (to confuse). It can also be used with haber to form perfect tenses, meaning 'has/have confused' (e.g., Hemos confundido la hora).
✏️ Quick Practice
💡 Quick Quiz: confundido
Question 1 of 1
Which sentence correctly uses 'confundido'?
📚 More Resources
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I know when to use 'confundido' (confused) versus 'avergonzado' (embarrassed)?
They describe very different feelings! 'Confundido' means you don't understand something, or things are mixed up. 'Avergonzado' means you feel shame or embarrassment, usually because you made a social mistake.
Can 'confundido' be used to mean 'confusing'?
No. 'Confundido' means 'confused' (the person feeling the emotion). If you want to describe something that causes confusion (the confusing thing), you should use the adjective *confuso* (e.g., *un texto confuso*—a confusing text).