sumar Present Conjugation
sumar — to add
The present of sumar is regular: sumo, sumas, suma, sumamos, sumáis, suman.
sumar Present Forms
When to Use the Present
Use the present tense of sumar for actions happening right now ('Sumo los ingredientes' - I'm adding the ingredients) or for habitual actions ('Sumo los gastos cada mes' - I add up the expenses every month). It also covers general truths.
Notes on sumar in the Present
Sumar is regular in the present indicative. All forms are predictable.
Example Sentences
Sumo dos más dos, y el resultado es cuatro.
I add two plus two, and the result is four.
yo
¿Sumas tú siempre la propina?
Do you always add the tip?
tú
Él suma los números muy rápido.
He adds the numbers very quickly.
él/ella/usted
Nosotros sumamos los puntos al final de cada ronda.
We add up the points at the end of each round.
nosotros
Ellos suman las ventas diarias en una hoja de cálculo.
They add up the daily sales on a spreadsheet.
ellos/ellas/ustedes
Common Mistakes
Mistake: Using the present subjunctive for habitual actions.
Correct: Use 'Yo sumo' for habitual actions, not 'Yo sume'.
Why: The present indicative is for facts and habits, while the present subjunctive is for uncertainty, desire, etc.
Mistake: Confusing vosotros and ustedes forms.
Correct: Use 'sumáis' for vosotros (Spain, informal) and 'suman' for ustedes (Latin America, formal/informal).
Why: These are distinct plural 'you' forms with different verb endings.
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Related Tenses
Preterite
yo: sumé
The preterite of sumar is regular: sumé, sumaste, sumó, sumamos, sumasteis, sumaron.
Imperfect
yo: sumaba
The imperfect of sumar is regular: sumaba, sumabas, sumaba, sumábamos, sumabais, sumaban.
Future
yo: sumaré
The future of sumar is regular: sumaré, sumarás, sumará, sumaremos, sumaréis, sumarán.
Conditional
yo: sumaría
The conditional of sumar is regular: sumaría, sumarías, sumaría, sumaríamos, sumaríais, sumarían.
Present Subjunctive
yo: sume
The present subjunctive of sumar (sume) is used after expressions of doubt, desire, or emotion.
Imperfect Subjunctive
yo: sumara
The imperfect subjunctive of sumar (sumara/sumase) is used for past hypotheticals or polite requests.
Affirmative Imperative
yo: suma
The imperative of sumar is regular: suma, sume, sumemos, sumen, sumad.
Negative Imperative
yo: no sumes
The negative imperative of sumar uses the present subjunctive: no sumes, no sume, no sumemos, no sumen, no suméis.