How to Say "established" in Spanish
The most common Spanish word for “established” is “establecido” — use this when referring to the action of setting up or creating something like rules, a system, or a business that is now in place..
establecido
/es-tah-bleh-SEE-doh//es.ta.βle.ˈsi.ðo/
Examples
Han establecido nuevas reglas para el juego.
They have established new rules for the game.
Debemos seguir el protocolo establecido.
We must follow the established protocol.
Ya tiene una rutina muy establecida en su nueva ciudad.
She already has a very settled routine in her new city.
Los precios ya están establecidos por la empresa.
The prices are already set by the company.
Matching the Ending
Since this is an adjective, remember to change the ending to 'establecida' if the thing you are describing is feminine, or 'establecidos/as' if there are more than one.
Action vs. State
When you use 'establecido' with 'haber' (e.g., hemos establecido), it's an action. When you use it with 'estar' (e.g., está establecido), it describes a rule or situation that is already fixed.
establecido
/es-tah-bleh-SEE-doh//es.ta.βle.ˈsi.ðo/
Examples
Debemos seguir el protocolo establecido.
We must follow the established protocol.
Ya tiene una rutina muy establecida en su nueva ciudad.
She already has a very settled routine in her new city.
Los precios ya están establecidos por la empresa.
The prices are already set by the company.
Han establecido nuevas reglas para el juego.
They have established new rules for the game.
Matching the Ending
Since this is an adjective, remember to change the ending to 'establecida' if the thing you are describing is feminine, or 'establecidos/as' if there are more than one.
Action vs. State
When you use 'establecido' with 'haber' (e.g., hemos establecido), it's an action. When you use it with 'estar' (e.g., está establecido), it describes a rule or situation that is already fixed.
comprobado
kohm-proh-BAH-doh/kom.pɾoˈβa.ðo/
Examples
Es un hecho comprobado que el ejercicio mejora el ánimo.
It is a proven fact that exercise improves mood.
La eficacia del nuevo medicamento ha sido comprobada.
The effectiveness of the new medicine has been verified.
Necesitas llevar tu identidad comprobada para el examen.
You need to bring your verified identity for the exam.
Gender and Number Agreement
As an adjective, 'comprobado' must match the noun it describes in gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural): comprobado, comprobada, comprobados, comprobadas.
demostrado
deh-mohs-TRAH-doh/demoˈstraðo/
Examples
Es un hecho demostrado que el ejercicio mejora la memoria.
It is a proven fact that exercise improves memory.
La eficacia del nuevo medicamento ya está demostrada.
The effectiveness of the new medication is already established (proven).
Agreement is Key
As an adjective, 'demostrado' must match the thing it describes in both gender and number: 'un resultado demostrado' (masc. sing.) vs. 'unas teorías demostradas' (fem. plural).
Using the Wrong Ending
Mistake: “La verdad está demostrado.”
Correction: La verdad está demostrada. (Truth is feminine, so the ending must be -a.)
probado
pro-BAH-doh/pɾoˈβaðo/
Examples
Necesitamos una solución probada, no un experimento.
We need a proven solution, not an experiment.
Su lealtad ya está probada después de tantos años.
His loyalty is already proven after so many years.
Es un método probado para reducir el estrés.
It is a tested method for reducing stress.
Agreement is Key
As an adjective, 'probado' must match the thing it describes in gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural). Remember: 'probado' (m. sing.), 'probada' (f. sing.), 'probados' (m. plural), 'probadas' (f. plural).
Using 'Probado' for People
Mistake: “El científico está probado.”
Correction: La teoría está probada. (The theory is proven.) While you can say a person's loyalty is proven, it's more natural to apply 'probado' to things like methods, facts, or results.
construido
/kon-stru-EE-do//kõn.struˈi.ðo/
Examples
El edificio construido en 1950 sigue siendo fuerte.
The building constructed in 1950 is still strong.
La casa está construida con materiales reciclados.
The house is built with recycled materials.
Necesitamos analizar los argumentos construidos por la oposición.
We need to analyze the arguments established by the opposition.
Agreement is Key
As an adjective, 'construido' must change its ending to match the thing it describes. For a feminine noun like 'mesa' (table), you use 'construida'. For plural nouns like 'puentes' (bridges), you use 'construidos'.
Forgetting Gender Match
Mistake: “La pared es construido.”
Correction: La pared es construida. (Since 'pared' is feminine, the adjective must end in -a.)
Examples
El artista creó una escultura de metal.
The artist created a metal sculpture.
construyó
Examples
Ella construyó un argumento irrefutable en el debate.
She developed an irrefutable argument in the debate.
sentado
sen-TAH-doh/senˈt̪a.ðo/
Examples
Nuestra política se basa en principios bien sentados.
Our policy is based on well-established principles.
Era una decisión sentada y muy lógica.
It was a sound and very logical decision.
Figurative Usage
When used figuratively, 'sentado' means the idea or concept is 'solid' or 'well-rooted,' just like a person firmly seated and stable.
impuestos
eem-PWEHS-tohs/imˈpwes.tos/
Examples
Los límites impuestos a la creatividad fueron criticados.
The limits imposed on creativity were criticized.
Aceptaron los términos impuestos sin objeciones.
They accepted the imposed terms without objection.
From the Verb 'Imponer'
This adjective comes from the past participle of the verb 'imponer' (to impose). It must match the noun it describes in number (plural) and gender (masculine).
Established vs. Proven
Related Translations
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