How to Say "including" in Spanish
The most common Spanish word for “including” is “incluso” — use this when adding an item to a list or group for emphasis, often translating to 'even'.
incluso
in-KLOO-sohin'kluso
Examples
Todos vinieron a la fiesta, incluso mi abuela.
Everyone came to the party, even my grandma.
La tienda abre todos los días, incluso los domingos.
The store is open every day, even on Sundays.
Incluso si llueve, saldremos a caminar.
Even if it rains, we will go out for a walk.
Adding Surprise or Emphasis
Use 'incluso' right before the person, thing, or situation that is surprising. It's like saying, '...and you won't believe this, but this too!'.
Mixing up 'incluso' and 'también'
Mistake: “Me gusta el rock y incluso el pop.”
Correction: Me gusta el rock y también el pop. Use 'también' (also, too) for simple additions. Use 'incluso' only when the addition is a bit surprising or goes a step further, like 'Me gusta toda la música, incluso la clásica' (I like all music, even classical).
incluyendo
in-kloo-YEN-doinˈkluʝen̪do
Examples
Están incluyendo todos los ingredientes en la receta.
They are including all the ingredients in the recipe.
Ella siguió hablando, incluyendo a su hermana en la historia.
She kept talking, including her sister in the story.
La empresa está incluyendo nuevos beneficios para los empleados.
The company is including new benefits for the employees.
El precio total, incluyendo el desayuno, es de cien euros.
The total price, including breakfast, is one hundred euros.
The '-ndo' Form
This form, which ends in '-ndo', is the Spanish way of saying the '-ing' action. You use it after the verb 'estar' to talk about something happening right now (e.g., 'Estoy incluyendo').
Action Modifier
'Incluyendo' can also describe how an action is performed, acting like an adverb: 'Terminó la carta incluyendo una disculpa' (He finished the letter, including an apology).
Listing Items
When used this way, 'incluyendo' acts like a preposition, connecting the main topic to the specific examples that are part of it. It often follows a comma.
Using the wrong helper verb
Mistake: “Soy incluyendo”
Correction: Estoy incluyendo. Remember, the verb 'estar' (to be temporarily) is always used with the '-ndo' form to show ongoing action, not 'ser'.
incluido
een-kloo-EE-dohinˈklwiðo
Examples
Vinieron todos a la fiesta, incluido Juan.
Everyone came to the party, including Juan.
Me gusta toda la fruta, incluido el mango.
I like all fruit, including mango.
The 'Connector' Role
When used to mean 'including,' the word often stays as 'incluido' regardless of what comes after it, though some speakers prefer to match it to the noun.
inclusive
een-kloo-SEE-bayin.kluˈsi.βe
Examples
La tienda abre de lunes a sábado inclusive.
The shop is open from Monday to Saturday inclusive (including Saturday).
Debes leer desde la página diez hasta la veinte inclusive.
You must read from page ten to page twenty inclusive.
Pagamos todos los impuestos, el de lujo inclusive.
We paid all the taxes, even the luxury one.
The 'End of the Line' Rule
Unlike the word 'incluso,' which usually comes before a word, 'inclusive' almost always comes after the specific thing you are including.
Used for Limits
This word is the standard way to say 'and including the last one' when talking about dates, hours, or page numbers.
Wrong Placement
Mistake: “Inclusive los domingos trabajamos.”
Correction: Los domingos inclusive trabajamos (or 'Incluso los domingos').
aun
ownˈaun
Examples
Aun los expertos se equivocan a veces.
Even the experts make mistakes sometimes.
Todos lo saben, aun los niños.
Everyone knows it, even the children.
Ni aun con tu ayuda pudo terminar.
Not even with your help could he finish.
Aun vs. Aún: The Accent Decides Everything!
This is one of the most famous spelling rules in Spanish! 'Aun' (no accent) means 'even'. Its cousin, 'aún' (with an accent), means 'still' or 'yet'. Think of the accent as giving 'aún' a 'time' meaning.
Mixing up 'aun' and 'aún'
Mistake: “Quiero ir a la fiesta, aun si no me invitaron.”
Correction: This is correct! Because you can say 'even if they didn't invite me', you use 'aun' without an accent. A common mistake would be writing 'aún' here.
Using 'aun' for 'still'
Mistake: “Aun no he terminado la tarea.”
Correction: No he terminado aún. When you mean 'still' or 'yet', you need the accent. A good test is to try swapping it with 'todavía'. If 'todavía' fits, you need the accent: 'aún'.
Incluso vs. Incluyendo
Related Translations
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