How to Say "shortfalls" in Spanish
The Spanish word for “shortfalls” is “agujeros” — C1 level. This is a very common word in everyday Spanish.
English → SpanishC1
nounC1neutral/formal
Lack of necessary funds

Examples
El nuevo plan económico intenta reducir los agujeros fiscales del país.
The new economic plan attempts to reduce the country's fiscal deficits (financial holes).
Tenemos que cubrir los agujeros en el presupuesto antes de fin de año.
We have to cover the shortfalls in the budget before the end of the year.
Figurative Use
In this context, 'agujeros' is a metaphor. Think of money leaking out or a gap where money should be, hence the 'hole' analogy for a financial shortfall.
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