How to Say "filament" in Spanish
The Spanish word for “filament” is “hilo” — B1 level. This is a very common word in everyday Spanish.
English → SpanishB1
nounB1
light bulb, fine strand

Examples
Hay que cambiar el hilo de la bombilla, está fundido.
We have to change the light bulb's filament, it's burned out.
El electricista cortó el hilo rojo para arreglar el circuito.
The electrician cut the red wire to fix the circuit.
Technical Usage
In technical fields, 'cable' is often used for thicker bundles of wires, while 'hilo' is used for a single, thinner strand.
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