How to Say "to loosen" in Spanish
The most common Spanish word for “to loosen” is “relajar” — use 'relajar' when you mean to make rules, restrictions, or a tense situation less strict or more relaxed.
relajar
reh-lah-HARre.laˈxaɾ

Examples
Los médicos le recomendaron relajarse y tomarse un descanso.
The doctors recommended that he relax and take a break.
El gobierno decidió relajar las medidas de seguridad.
The government decided to loosen the security measures.
No podemos relajar la disciplina en este momento.
We cannot slacken the discipline at this moment.
Metaphorical use
When used with abstract things like 'discipline' or 'rules,' it means making them less intense or strict.
soltar
sohl-TAHRsolˈtaɾ

Examples
Por favor, suelta un poco el volante, lo estás apretando demasiado.
Please loosen the steering wheel a bit, you're gripping it too tightly.
Necesitas soltar la tuerca un poco para que encaje.
You need to loosen the nut a bit so it fits.
Cuando llueve mucho, la presa suelta el exceso de agua.
When it rains a lot, the dam discharges the excess water.
Relaxing Rules vs. Loosening Objects
Related Translations
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