Inklingo

Time & Dates in Spanish

Mastering time and dates is crucial for navigating daily life and planning events in Spanish. This vocabulary set covers everything from seconds and minutes to years and centuries, including specific times of day and days of the week. Understanding these terms will significantly improve your fluency and ability to communicate about schedules, appointments, and historical events.

Quick Reference

SpanishEnglishExampleLevel
agosto
AugustMis vacaciones de verano son siempre en agosto.A1
ahora
now¿Qué estás haciendo ahora?A1
am
a.m.El tren sale a las 8 am.A1
to dawnMañana va a amanecer despejado.A1
anniversaryHoy celebramos nuestro décimo aniversario de boda.A1
anoche
last night¿Qué hiciste anoche?A1
to get darkEn invierno, anochece muy temprano.A2
anual
annualLa empresa publica un informe anual.A2
año
yearEl año tiene doce meses.A1
sunsetVimos un atardecer precioso en la playa.A1
ayer
yesterdayAyer fui al cine.A1
calendarTengo un calendario de pared muy grande en la cocina.A1

A1Beginner (50 words)

A close-up of a single, massive, vibrant yellow sunflower head in full bloom, angled towards a strong, bright yellow sun high in a clear blue sky, symbolizing the peak of summer.
agosto

August

Mis vacaciones de verano son siempre en agosto.

A simple clock face with its hands pointing to the current time, with a soft glow on the second hand to emphasize this exact moment.
ahora

now

¿Qué estás haciendo ahora?

A bright yellow sun rising over green rolling hills with a clear blue sky.
am

a.m.

El tren sale a las 8 am.

A vibrant storybook illustration showing the moment the sun begins to rise over dark mountains, transitioning the sky from dark indigo to brilliant yellow and orange.
amanecer

to dawn

Mañana va a amanecer despejado.

A single, brightly wrapped gift box with a large red bow sits prominently, surrounded by several colorful floating balloons and falling confetti, symbolizing a celebrated special day.
aniversario

anniversary

Hoy celebramos nuestro décimo aniversario de boda.

A peaceful landscape showing a dark night sky filled with stars and a moon, with the first sliver of warm, orange light appearing on the horizon, signifying the end of the night.
anoche

last night

¿Qué hiciste anoche?

A circular illustration showing the four seasons blending into one another to represent the passage of a full year.
año

year

El año tiene doce meses.

A large orange sun dipping below the calm ocean horizon with pink and purple clouds.
atardecer

sunset

Vimos un atardecer precioso en la playa.

A setting sun disappearing behind a gentle hill, symbolizing the immediate end of the previous day.
ayer

yesterday

Ayer fui al cine.

A simple wall calendar object hanging on a pastel wall, represented by several large, colorful squares arranged in a grid pattern, suggesting organized days.
calendario

calendar

Tengo un calendario de pared muy grande en la cocina.

A friendly fox wearing a backpack stands at a crossroads, looking thoughtfully down one path, symbolizing the question of when to start a journey.
cuándo

when

¿Cuándo es tu cumpleaños?

A person looking at a slice of cake on a plate, having just finished their main meal.
después

afterwards

Primero cenamos y después vemos una película.

A simple icon showing a sun rising and setting over a 24-hour cycle.
día

day

La semana tiene siete días.

A neatly folded newspaper lying flat on a colorful surface, without any visible text.
diario

newspaper

Compro el diario todas las mañanas en la cafetería.

A cheerful snowman wearing a red and green striped scarf stands in a snowy landscape next to a small pine tree.
diciembre

December

Mi cumpleaños es en diciembre.

A bright red thumbtack is pressed into a simple sheet of paper, marking a specific point or day.
fecha

date

¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy?

A large, brightly colored hourglass standing upright, with sand actively flowing from the top bulb to the bottom bulb, representing the passage of 60 minutes.
hora

hour

La película dura dos horas.

A colorful illustration of an open planner with simple icons representing various scheduled activities like reading, eating, and playing.
horario

schedule

¿Cuál es el horario de la biblioteca?

A bright sun shining in a clear blue sky over a peaceful green landscape, representing the current day.
hoy

today

Hoy es mi cumpleaños.

A sudden, brilliant golden starburst flash illuminates a dark scene, symbolizing a brief moment in time.
instante

instant

Espera un instante, necesito encontrar mis llaves.

A row of four cheerful, simple cartoon stars standing in a line. The fourth star is distinguished by wearing a small party hat.
jueves

Thursday

Mi clase de español es el jueves.

A bright yellow sun shining intensely in a blue sky above a melting pink ice cream cone sitting on the ground, symbolizing the peak of summer.
julio

July

Mi familia viaja a la playa en julio.

A vibrant storybook illustration showing a large yellow sun illuminating a lush green field filled with ripe red strawberries, symbolizing the summer month of June.
junio

June

Mi cumpleaños es el diez de junio.

A beautiful sunrise over a peaceful green valley, representing the morning.
mañana

morning

Me levanto a las siete de la mañana.

A scene depicting deep night. A large, bright full moon is centered high in a dark, deep blue sky, casting subtle light over the silhouette of a sleeping landscape featuring a house and trees.
medianoche

midnight

La película termina justo a medianoche.

A bright storybook illustration showing the sun positioned directly overhead in a clear blue sky. A small, simple green bush on the ground casts a very short, dark shadow directly beneath it.
mediodía

noon

Al mediodía, cerramos la tienda para comer.

A sequence illustrating the full cycle of the moon, from new moon to full moon, representing the passage of a month.
mes

month

Enero es el primer mes del año.

A single water droplet falling from a faucet into a pool, representing a short unit of time passing.
min

minute

Faltan 5 min para que empiece la película.

A classic, simple hourglass standing on a table with sand actively flowing from the top chamber to the bottom chamber, symbolizing the passage of 60 seconds.
minuto

minute

La reunión empieza en cinco minutos.

A person pausing to look at a beautiful sunset, capturing a single, peaceful moment in time.
momento

moment

Espera un momento, por favor.

A beautiful starry night sky over a quiet, peaceful landscape.
noche

night

Me gusta mirar las estrellas por la noche.

A visual representation of three separate, dark night skies displayed side-by-side, each showing a different lunar phase (crescent, half, and full), illustrating the concept of multiple nights.
noches

nights

Las noches de verano son mis favoritas.

A high quality storybook illustration depicting a stylized, nearly bare deciduous tree. The ground is completely covered by a dense carpet of fallen red, orange, and brown leaves, symbolizing the late autumn month.
noviembre

November

Mi cumpleaños es el siete de noviembre.

A vibrant orange pumpkin resting on the forest floor, completely surrounded by a thick layer of bright red, yellow, and orange autumn leaves.
octubre

October

Mi cumpleaños es en octubre.

A neatly folded newspaper lying flat on a wooden table, ready to be read.
periódico

newspaper

Compré el periódico para leer las noticias de hoy.

A winding road stretching from a clearly marked starting point to an ending point in the distance, illustrating a duration of time.
periodo

period

El periodo de construcción duró tres meses.

A peaceful evening scene with a golden setting sun over rolling hills and a purple sky.
pm

p.m.

La película empieza a las 8 pm.

A bright red apple resting clearly on a simple wooden table, emphasizing its existence right now.
presente

present

Necesitamos enfocarnos en la situación presente.

A small, colorful bird flying at high speed across a bright blue sky towards a distant, welcoming tree.
pronto

soon

Nos vemos pronto.

Three colorful blocks lined up, with an arrow pointing from the first block to the second block, illustrating sequence and the concept of 'next'.
próximo

next

¿Qué hacemos el próximo fin de semana?

A highly simplified, round white object resembling a clock casing hangs centrally on a solid light blue wall. The object is plain and lacks any hands or numbers.
reloj

clock

¿Qué hora marca tu reloj?

A brightly colored illustration of a small, smiling person peacefully relaxing in a bright yellow hammock tied between two green palm trees on a sunny, blue-sky day.
sábado

Saturday

El sábado vamos al parque si hace buen tiempo.

A horizontal row of seven uniquely colored, smooth stones arranged side-by-side, symbolizing the seven days of a week.
semana

week

¿Qué planes tienes para esta semana?

A close-up illustration of a ripe red apple hanging on a tree branch, surrounded by leaves that are just beginning to turn yellow and orange, symbolizing the start of autumn.
septiembre

September

Mi cumpleaños es en septiembre.

A park scene bathed in warm, golden afternoon light, showing long shadows cast by trees and a few people enjoying the late day.
tarde

afternoon

Nos vemos esta tarde.

A colorful illustration showing three small houses aligned on a hill, each casting a long, distinct shadow from the low, warm sun, symbolizing multiple afternoons.
tardes

afternoons

Buenas tardes, ¿cómo estás?

A cheerful squirrel is sitting wide awake on a tree branch against a dark blue sky with the first hint of sunrise on the horizon, illustrating an action happening early.
temprano

early

Me levanto temprano para ir a trabajar.

A sun on the left and a moon on the right of a simple landscape, representing the passage of time from day to night.
tiempo

time

No tengo mucho tiempo libre.

A row of five simple, identical items arranged horizontally. The first four items are colored gray, representing the work week, while the fifth item is brightly colored yellow and is gently floating away, symbolizing the arrival of Friday and the weekend.
viernes

Friday

Hoy es viernes, ¡por fin!

A bright, sunny landscape featuring a field of blooming sunflowers under a clear blue sky.
jun.

June

La reunión es el 12 de jun.

Grammar Tips

Using 'Ser' for Time

When stating the specific time (e.g., 'It's 3 o'clock'), you generally use the verb 'ser'. For singular hours, use 'Es la una' (It's one), and for all other hours, use 'Son las dos' (It's two), 'Son las tres' (It's three), etc. Remember 'una' is irregular!

Months and Days: Not Capitalized

Unlike in English, the names of months and days of the week are not capitalized in Spanish unless they begin a sentence. For example, 'enero' (January) and 'lunes' (Monday).

Expressing 'How long ago?'

Spanish uses the structure 'hace + time period + que' to talk about events in the past. For instance, 'Hace dos años que vivo aquí' means 'I've lived here for two years' (literally, 'It makes two years that I live here').

Common Mistakes

Incorrectly Capitalizing Months

Mistake:Me gusta viajar en Enero.

Correction: Me gusta viajar en enero. — In Spanish, months of the year are not capitalized unless they begin a sentence.

Confusing 'Ser' and 'Estar' for Time

Mistake:Estoy las tres en punto.

Correction: Son las tres en punto. — The verb 'ser' is used to tell time ('Son las...' for most hours, 'Es la...' for 1 o'clock).

Word Order for 'Yesterday'

Mistake:Voy a la tienda ayer.

Correction: Ayer fui a la tienda. — The word 'ayer' (yesterday) typically comes at the beginning of the sentence when referring to a past action, followed by the preterite tense of the verb.

Cultural Notes

Siesta Time

While the traditional siesta (afternoon nap) is less common in big cities, the concept of a midday break is still culturally relevant. Many businesses, especially smaller ones, close for a few hours in the afternoon, typically between 2 PM and 5 PM.

Late Dinners

Dinner time in Spain is generally much later than in many English-speaking countries. People often eat dinner around 9 PM or even 10 PM, especially on weekends. This later schedule influences the timing of social events and daily routines.

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