Inklingo

Police & Justice in Spanish

Navigating the world of law and order in Spanish can be tricky, but it's super useful for understanding news or even just watching crime dramas! This category covers everything from police actions and legal terms to court proceedings and punishments. You'll find it's quite direct, with many cognates from English, but pay attention to verb conjugations, as they're key to expressing actions and states within the justice system.

Quick Reference

SpanishEnglishExampleLevel
authorityEl director tiene la autoridad de aprobar el presupuesto.A2
the benchEl jugador estrella empezó el partido en el banquillo.A2
police commissionerEl comisario de policía dio una rueda de prensa sobre el robo.B1
arrestLa detención del sospechoso ocurrió sin incidentes.B2
to stopEl guardia detuvo el tráfico para que cruzáramos.A2
jueces
judgesLos jueces emitirán su fallo sobre el caso mañana.B1
juez
judgeEl juez dictó sentencia después de escuchar todas las pruebas.B1
justiceTodos merecen recibir un trato con justicia, sin importar quiénes sean.A2
courtTuvimos que ir al juzgado para presentar la demanda.B1
poli
cop¡Cuidado! Hay un poli en la esquina vigilando la velocidad.A2
the policeSi tienes una emergencia, llama a la policía.A1
policeLa investigación policial duró seis meses.A2

B1Intermediate (32 words)

A high-ranking police officer in a formal blue uniform with prominent gold insignia on the shoulders, standing authoritatively.
comisario

police commissioner

El comisario de policía dio una rueda de prensa sobre el robo.

A colorful storybook illustration showing two judges wearing black robes and white collars, seated behind a large wooden bench. Each judge holds a wooden gavel.
jueces

judges

Los jueces emitirán su fallo sobre el caso mañana.

A serious person wearing a black robe sitting behind a large wooden bench in a simplified courtroom setting, holding a wooden gavel in one hand, symbolizing a legal official.
juez

judge

El juez dictó sentencia después de escuchar todas las pruebas.

A grand, symmetrical stone building with tall columns and a wide set of stairs leading to the entrance, representing a courthouse.
juzgado

court

Tuvimos que ir al juzgado para presentar la demanda.

A simple illustration of a man with his hands cuffed behind his back, indicating he is arrested.
arrestado

arrested

El hombre arrestado fue trasladado a la comisaría.

A uniformed authority figure gently placing one hand on the wrist of a civilian figure, symbolizing taking them into custody.
arrestar

to arrest

La policía logró arrestar al sospechoso después de la persecución.

A simple drawing of a police officer in uniform gently applying handcuffs to the wrist of a civilian.
arresto

arrest

La policía ejecutó el arresto sin resistencia.

A close-up view of a large wooden judge's gavel resting on a round wooden sound block, symbolizing a final judicial decision.
condena

sentence

La corte dictó una condena de diez años de prisión.

A close-up view of a judge's wooden gavel resting on a sound block.
condenado

sentenced

El hombre condenado apeló la sentencia.

A wooden judge's gavel resting next to a stack of three large law books, symbolizing law and crime.
criminal

criminal

La policía está investigando las actividades criminales del grupo.

A simplified storybook illustration of a person wearing a striped prisoner uniform standing behind the bars of a jail cell.
delincuente

criminal

La policía capturó al delincuente después del robo.

A young man standing still, accompanied by a figure in a uniform, illustrating a detainee.
detenido

detainee

El detenido pidió hablar con su abogado antes de declarar.

A uniformed police officer standing formally, wearing a uniform with a prominent shield insignia, representing a federal police agent.
federales

federal police

Los federales llegaron a la escena del crimen muy rápido.

A large wooden judge's gavel resting on a circular wooden sound block.
juicio

trial

El juicio comenzará el próximo lunes.

A depiction of a group of twelve diverse individuals sitting together in a row behind a long wooden table, representing a jury.
jurado

jury

El jurado tardó diez horas en llegar a un veredicto.

A close-up storybook illustration showing a single adult hand raised vertically into the air, palm facing forward, signifying the act of taking an oath or making a solemn promise.
juramento

oath

El testigo tuvo que hacer un juramento antes de declarar.

A wooden judge's gavel sitting on a simple wooden block.
jurídico

legal

Necesitamos analizar el marco jurídico antes de firmar el contrato.

A wooden judge's gavel resting on a solid block against a clean background.
pleito

lawsuit

El abogado logró ganar el pleito después de dos años.

A simplified drawing of a person wearing a striped uniform standing behind thick vertical prison bars.
preso

prisoner

El preso pidió ver a su abogado inmediatamente.

A large, imposing, fortress-like building with high gray walls and small barred windows, representing a prison facility.
prisión

prison

El ladrón fue enviado a la prisión por diez años.

A large wooden gavel resting on a round wooden sound block, symbolizing a final legal judgment.
sentencia

sentence

La sentencia por el robo fue de cinco años de prisión.

A person in a crisp, simple military uniform with clear rank insignia on the shoulders, standing at attention, representing a lieutenant.
teniente

lieutenant

El teniente dio la orden de avanzar.

A high, elevated wooden bench and desk, representing a judge's station in a courtroom. A large brown wooden gavel rests on the desk.
tribunal

court

El tribunal falló a favor del demandante.

A close-up view of a traditional wooden judge's gavel resting on its matching round sound block.
veredicto

verdict

El jurado emitió su veredicto después de tres días de deliberación.

A guard gently placing a hand on the shoulder of a person in a simple tunic, leading them toward a stone archway.
apresar

to capture

La policía logró apresar al fugitivo después de una larga persecución.

A park official in a uniform holding a wooden box that has been taken away as an act of authority.
confiscar

to confiscate

El profesor tuvo que confiscar el teléfono del alumno.

A man in a simple orange jumpsuit standing behind black metal bars of a cell.
encarcelar

to imprison

La policía va a encarcelar al sospechoso esta tarde.

A friendly police officer in a blue uniform walking down a peaceful neighborhood sidewalk with a small dog.
patrullar

to patrol

La policía patrulla el centro de la ciudad todas las noches.

A blue police officer's hat with a silver badge resting on a wooden table next to a notepad.
policíaco

police

Me encanta leer novelas policíacas antes de dormir.

A person sitting on a simple wooden bench inside a small, plain room with a single high window.
recluso

inmate

El recluso cumplió su condena de cinco años.

A police car with flashing blue and red lights parked in front of a building entrance at night.
redada

raid

La policía hizo una redada en el almacén anoche.

A wooden judge's gavel resting on a sound block in a courtroom setting.
sentenciar

to sentence

El juez sentenció al acusado a diez años de prisión.

Grammar Tips

Gender and Number Agreement

Remember that adjectives and nouns related to people and objects in the justice system must agree in gender and number. For example, 'el acusado' (the male accused) becomes 'la acusada' (the female accused) or 'los acusados' (the accused, plural).

Verbs of Action

Many words in this category are verbs. Pay close attention to their conjugations, especially in the past tenses (preterite and imperfect), as they describe specific events like arrests or trials. For instance, 'arrestar' (to arrest) changes form depending on who did the arresting and when.

Nouns for People and Places

Nouns like 'comisaría' (police station) and 'juez' (judge) follow standard Spanish gender rules. 'Comisaría' is feminine, and 'juez' is masculine, though the feminine 'jueza' is increasingly common.

Common Mistakes

Incorrect Adjective Placement

Mistake:El arrestado policía llegó.

Correction: El policía arrestado llegó. — In Spanish, adjectives often follow the noun they describe, especially when they denote a state or characteristic relevant to the context, like 'arrestado' (arrested).

Confusing 'Sentir' and 'Condenar'

Mistake:Yo siento el hombre por robo.

Correction: Yo condeno al hombre por robo. — 'Sentir' means 'to feel,' while 'condenar' means 'to condemn' or 'to sentence.' You condemn or sentence a person, you don't 'feel' them in this legal context.

Missing Prepositions

Mistake:El juez dio la sentencia el acusado.

Correction: El juez dio la sentencia al acusado. — When a verb like 'dar' (to give) is followed by a direct object that is a person (like 'el acusado'), you often need the personal 'a' preposition.

Cultural Notes

Varying Legal Systems

While many core concepts are similar, specific legal procedures and terminology can vary significantly between Spain and different Latin American countries. It's good to be aware that a term might have a slightly different nuance or application depending on the region.

Emphasis on Authority

In many Spanish-speaking cultures, there's a strong cultural emphasis on respecting authority figures, including police officers. This can sometimes be reflected in the directness of language used when discussing law enforcement and legal matters.

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