Russian declension & word-form lookup
Look up Russian noun and adjective declensions in all six cases. Search a headword or inflected form, see stress marks, and identify possible case and number.
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Search 26,977 noun and 11,939 adjective entries, including their recorded forms. Stress marks are optional; е also finds ё.
1 dictionary entry for “книга”.
кни́га · noun
book, volume
“книга” can be: Singular nominative. A form alone may not identify a single case.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | кни́га | кни́ги |
| Genitive | кни́ги | кни́г |
| Dative | кни́ге | кни́гам |
| Accusative | кни́гу | кни́ги |
| Instrumental | кни́гой or кни́гою | кни́гами |
| Prepositional | кни́ге | кни́гах |
Which case do I need?
Nominative · кто? что?
Subject or dictionary form.
Кни́га на столе́.
The book is on the table.
Genitive · кого́? чего́?
Possession, absence and many quantities.
У меня́ нет кни́ги.
I do not have a book.
Dative · кому́? чему́?
Recipient or experiencer.
Я помога́ю дру́гу.
I help a friend.
Accusative · кого́? что?
Direct object; destination after в or на.
Я чита́ю кни́гу.
I am reading a book.
Instrumental · кем? чем?
Means, role or accompaniment with с.
Я пишу́ ру́чкой.
I write with a pen.
Prepositional · о ком? о чём?
Topic; location after в or на.
Мы говори́м о кни́ге.
We are talking about a book.
Source, variants and missing forms
Forms and short identifying glosses come from the OpenRussian dictionary backup, CC BY-SA 4.0. Stress notation has been converted; selected common entries have audited corrections. This is a morphology reference. Inklingo vocabulary study uses the app’s separate contextual sense cache.
“Not recorded” means the source lacks that form, not that the form is impossible. Variants may differ in register or meaning. These tables cover the six main cases, not every special locative, partitive, numeral construction or phrase. For example, five people is пять человек, even though the ordinary genitive plural of человек is людей.
Make sense of what you’re practicing
A word-form lookup, not just an ending chart
Enter людьми to find человек and its instrumental plural. Enter книги to see why the same spelling can represent several cases. Matching cells are highlighted, but the sentence determines which analysis fits.
Six Russian cases at a glance
Nominative commonly marks the subject, genitive possession or absence, dative a recipient, accusative a direct object, instrumental a means or companion, and prepositional a topic or location. Verbs and prepositions can require specific cases; meaning alone is not enough.
Gender, number and animacy matter
Noun gender helps you choose agreement forms. Adjectives change with the noun’s case, gender and number. Animacy affects masculine singular and plural accusative forms. A plural-only noun such as ножницы has no ordinary singular table.
Learn the whole form, including stress
Russian forms can change both their endings and their stress. Irregular pairs such as человек and люди are best learned together. An indeclinable noun such as кофе keeps the same spelling; its role still changes with the sentence.