Hangul Alphabet Chart
Explore every modern Korean consonant and vowel. Build Hangul syllables, hear a Korean device voice and understand final consonants with a free interactive chart.
Explore the consonant and vowel charts.
Combine letters into a syllable.
Add batchim and notice the final sound.
Build a syllable
ㄱ + ㅏ → 가 · ga (in isolation)
19 consonants
14 basic consonants plus 5 doubled consonants. Select a letter to put it in the syllable above. Roman letters are approximate reading aids; ㄱ, ㄷ and ㅂ change at the end of a syllable.
21 vowels
10 basic vowels and 11 compound vowels. Vertical vowels sit to the right of the initial; horizontal vowels sit below it. Compound vowels can occupy both positions.
Seven final sound categories
| Final sound | Letters at the end, before a pause | Example |
|---|---|---|
| k | ㄱ ㄲ ㅋ | 밖 |
| n | ㄴ | 산 |
| t | ㄷ ㅅ ㅆ ㅈ ㅊ ㅌ ㅎ | 옷 |
| l | ㄹ | 달 |
| m | ㅁ | 밤 |
| p | ㅂ ㅍ | 앞 |
| ng | ㅇ | 강 |
Clusters such as ㄺ need separate rules. Before a following vowel, a final consonant often links to the next syllable: 옷이 → [오시].
Practice recognizing letters →Audio uses an installed Korean device voice. Learn about Hangul’s syllable structure at the National Institute of Korean Language.
Make sense of what you’re practicing
24 basic letters, more combinations
Modern Hangul has 14 basic consonants and 10 basic vowels. The full chart includes doubled consonants and compound vowels, giving 19 initial consonants and 21 vowels.
A block is a syllable
Each block starts with a consonant letter, followed by a vowel and optionally a final consonant. 한 = ㅎ + ㅏ + ㄴ. A vowel-initial syllable uses silent ㅇ, as in 아.
Batchim sits underneath
The final consonant position is called batchim. Final ㅇ sounds like ng, although initial ㅇ is silent. A written final may sound different when another syllable follows; learn words in context after learning the chart.